Non-Profit Organizations

Business Services

Intellectual Property Organizations

Bioethics and Other Subject Literature

Trade Associations, Biotechnology Companies and Institutes

Bioethics Organizations

Government Agencies Dealing with Bioethics and Biotechnology

Fundamental Documents and Cases in Bioethics and Intellectual Property Law

Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights

Biological Agent and Disease Control

Selected Cancer Issues and Organizations


Non-Profit Organizations

Women Venture Committed to helping you systemtically plan, identify resources and carry out goals in career planning, small business development and jobs in the trades.

Minnesota Project Innnovation, Inc. Provides Business-Government Opportunities. Site offers multiple services to start-ups, businesses seeking grants and government contract information, technical business advice. 

Selling to the Government Provides Links to All State Government Procurement Offices in the United States.

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Business Services

Minnesota Technology, Inc. Minnesota Technology, Inc. offers growth-oriented companies the right solution for their business needs. We'll work with you to identify competitive and technical barriers, secure expertise and manage projects that streamline processes, improve product quality and reduce costs. Our staff of over 50 industry, business and technology specialists has expertise in manufacturing, technology, engineering, environmental performance, operations, management and marketing areas.

Learn Enterprise Assistance If you're a growth-oriented, Minnesota company, our experienced manufacturing specialists will come to your door to help on-site and hands-on. We'll work with you to identify competitive barriers, secure expertise and manage projects that streamline processes, improve product quality and reduce manufacturing costs, rework, inventory and waste.

Ebusiness Just knowing where to start is one of the toughest parts. Minnesota Technology's eBusiness Institute might be able to help!

Advanced Technology We help Minnesota companies bring new products to market and implement critical technological advances in their processes by using technology developed locally, nationally and internationally.

We can facilitate work with private research institutions, federal labs, the University of Minnesota and Minnesota State Colleges and Universities.

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Intellectual Property Organizations

World Trade Organization

World Intellectual Property Organization

United Nations Economic and Social Development

United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity - (The Convention on Biological Diversity's objectives are "the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources." The Convention is thus the first global, comprehensive agreement to address all aspects of biological diversity: genetic resources, species, and ecosystems. It recognizes - for the first time - that the conservation of biological diversity is "a common concern of humankind" and an integral part of the development process.) See Current Issues: Indigenous Peoples

Copyright Office of the United States Congress

United States Patent and Trademark Office

United States Court of Appeals For the Federal Circuit

United States Supreme Court

European Patent Organization

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Bioethics and Other Subject Literature

Futures Research Quarterly - Order: https://www.wfs.org/frqbkissol.htm Subscribe: https://www.wfs.org/frqorder.htm

The U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services said effective Jan. 1, Medicare will pay less for some drugs and medical devices, while increasing its outpatient care budget by 5.6% to $18.7 billion. The Detroit News/Bloomberg (11/1)

The new procedure, still in its early testing stages, involves injecting a virus containing the gene responsible for producing erythropoietin into patients. Rather than receiving injections of EPO several times a week, patients would take a single pill once or twice a month to keep the gene actively producing EPO. Researchers caution that clinical trials are still several years away. The New York Times (free registration) (11/1)

In a unique move, the FDA is taking public comments on a proposal by researchers who recommended additional studies on the vaccine. At issue are ethical implications about testing on healthy children with a vaccine of a non-circulating disease, and all the safeguards that would have to go with the trials. The Miami Herald/Associated Press (10/31)

A new report from BioSeeker Group on three classes of therapeutic approaches as they represent different therapeutic strategies, but also as they target different time spans in the HCV market: immunomodulating substances, protease inhibitors, and vaccines.

SureBeam, the largest irradiation company in the U.S., is still waiting to see equipment sales increase. If the FDA approves the use of irradiation on precooked and processed foods, SureBeam could see an increase in business. Los Angeles Times (free registration) (11/1)

Eleven people have joined about 700 others in a lawsuit against the drugmaker, claiming that it knew about the potentially harmful effects of phenylpropanolamine. Each of the 11, four of whom were under 40, suffered strokes after taking an Alka-Seltzer product containing PPA. The News & Observer (Raleigh, N.C.)/Associated Press (11/1)

"How to Measure Progress Towards Sustainability—The Sustainability Development Index" in Futures Research Quarterly (Summer 2002). Order: https://www.wfs.org/frqbkissol.htm Subscribe: https://www.wfs.org/frqorder.htm

Academic Press Journals

American Journal of Ethics and Medicine

American Journal of Law & Medicine

American Scientist

APA Newsletter on Philosophy and Medicine

Bioline

Biomedical Ethics: Newsletter of the European Network for Biomedical Ethics

Blackwell Journals

British Medical Journal

Bulletin of Medical Ethics

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics

Canadian Bioethics Report

Canadian Medical Association Journal

Center for Biotechnology Policy and Ethics Newsletter (Texas A&M)

Chapman Hall Journals

Christians in Science

Community Ethics

DePaul Online Journal of Ethics

European Network for Biomedical Ethics

Genetic Engineering News

Hastings Center Report

Human Genome News

Human Reproduction and Genetic Ethics

Health Matrix: Journal of Law-Medicine

Immunology Today

International Society of Environmental Ethics Newsletter

Journal of the American Medical Association

The Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks

Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law

Journal of Law, Medicine, and Ethics

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy

Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal

Last Rights

Medical Decision Making (MDM)

Medical Ethics Advisor

Monash Bioethics Review

Nature Magazines

Nature Reviews

New England Journal of Medicine

New Scientist

Newsletter of the European Network for Biomedical Ethics

The On-Line Journal of Ethics

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA)

Science

Science and Christian Belief

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Trade Associations, Biotechnology Companies and Institutes

American Intellectual Property Law Association

International Trademark Association

Intellectual Property Owners Association

The Software Patent Institute

The League for Programming Freedom

Monsanto Agriculture

MedImmune, Inc.

National Human Genome Research Institute

Cargil Inc.

Celera Genomics

Biotechnology Industry Organization

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Bioethics Organizations

Access Excellence - bioethics (Genentech)

Alliance for Bio-Integrity

Association for Clinical Research in the Pharmaceutical Industry (ACRPI)

AgBiotechNet

Animal Welfare Information Center (AWIC)

Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT)

Scientists Center for Animal Welfare

Applied Research Ethics National Association (ARENA)

American Society of Law and Medicine

American Bioethics Network

Annenberg/American Corporation for Public Broadcasting medical ethics site

Association for the Study of Food and Society and the Agriculture, Food and Human Values Society

Bioethicsline

Biosis - Science Museum, London/Also Nuffield Council on Bioethics

Biotech BiblioNet

UK National Centre for Biotechnology Education

Canadian Bioethics Report

Canadian Bioethics Society

Centre for Applied Ethics, Hong Kong Baptist University

Center for Biotechnology Policy and Ethics (Texas A&M)

Cloning

Coalition for Genetic Fairness

Center for Clinical Ethics and Humanities in Health Care, Buffalo, NY

Christians in Science on-line

To Columbia University HealthWise server

Council for Responsible Genetics

Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues in Science Project, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory

Eubios Bioethics and Biotechnology News

Eugenics and History

European Bioethical Research

European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) Task Group on Public Perceptions of Biotechnology

The French National Consultative Committee on Ethics

Health Law (in Spanish)

Centre for Research Ethics, Gothenburg, Sweden

Environmental Ethics and University of North Texas links

Genethics (Vancouver)

Genethics News

Gene Therapy Links

GeneLetter (Shriver Center, Mass.)

Geneweb (Bristol)

ICH Homepage (includes Good Clinical Practice Guide)

HUM-MOLGEN

BIOETHICSLINE

Genetics and Public Issues (National Center for Genome Resources, Sante Fe, New Mexico)

Ifgene information

Indigenous Peoples Coalition Against Biopiracy

Institute on Independent Living

International Society for Environmental Ethics

Irish Biotechnology Information Centre

Institute for Jewish Medical Ethics, San Francisco

The Institute for Global Ethics

International Association of Bioethics

Iowa State University Bioethics Program

Japan Environment Monitor

MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago

Med Web Bioethics Sources

Michigan State University Interdisciplinary Program on Health and the Humanities

Monash Centre for Human Bioethics

Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee (MREC) Homepage

Nottingham University's bioethics site

Nuffield Council on Bioethics

Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research (PRIM&R)

University of Pennsylvania Medical Center Bioethics Center (has news)

The Consortium Ethics Program, University of Pittsburgh Center for Medical Ethics & Hospital Council of Western Pennsylvania

University of Pittsburgh School of Law Center for Medical Ethics

Provincial Health Ethics Network (Alberta)

RAFI homepage

Internet Resource Site for Religious and Moral Studies, Lancaster, UK

Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany, Center for Medical Ethics

The Church of Scotland Society, Religion and Technology Project

Southern Cross Bioethics Institute, Australia

University of Chicago list of bioethics resources on the web

University of Toronto Joint Centre for Bioethics

Center for Ethics in the Sciences and Humanities, University of Tuebingen

Union of Concerned Scientists

University of Montreal - HUMGEN - Genetics and Society Project.

University of Utah

The University of Pennsylvania's list of relevant journals

Medical College of Wisconsin Bioethics Online Service

Xenografting and Animal Rights

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Government Organizations Dealing with Bioethics and Biotechnology

U.S. DOE Protecting Human Subjects Program home page

Genetic testing regulations OECD homepage

National Center for Biotechnology Information

U.S. National Bioethics Advisory Commission

National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research (The Belmont Report)

President Clinton's apology to the participants in the Tuskegee syphilis experiment to the US President's Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments, list of available files

U.S. National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature Kennedy Institute of Ethics

Food And Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

USDA Biotechnology Site

UK Human Genetics Advisory Commission

UNESCO International Bioethics Committee

ICGEB (International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology) new Biosafety Web Pages

Danish Council of Ethics

Department Of Energy Office of Human Radiation Experiments - includes declassified US goverment documents

FDA information sheets for Institutional Review Boards and Clinical Investigators

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Fundamental Documents and Cases in Bioethics and Intellectual Property Law

United States Trademark Act

United States Copyright Act

United States Patent Act (28 U.S.C. §§1295, 1338)

Enforcement and Litigation Issues in Drug and Medical Device Law, Trouble in Court and How to Stay Out of It!

Final Guidelines for Determining Utility of Gene-Related Inventions

Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property March 20, 1883 (international agreement for Nationals of any country of the Union to enjoy in all the other countries of the Union the advantages that their respective laws now grant, or may hereafter grant, to nationals).

1998 Directive on the Legal Protection of Biotechnological Inventions (98/44/EC)

Convention on Jurisdiction and Enforcement of Judgments in Civil and Commercial Matters, dated Sept. 27, 1968, 1998 (the Brussels Convention) (Purpose of Convention is to establish process for determining proper court for litigation involving nationals from several States)

Community Patent Convention, dated Dec. 15, 1975 and amended (Establishing a common system of law for patents for invention is common to the Contracting States and European patents granted for the Contracting States shall be called Community patents)

European Patent Convention, dated Oct. 5, 1973, effective 1978 (A system of law, common to the Contracting States for the grant of patents for invention is established. Patents granted by virtue of the Convention shall be called European patents. The European patent shall, in each of the Contracting States for which it is granted, have the effect of and be subject to the same conditions as a national patent granted by that State)

Patent Cooperation Treaty, effective 1978, Done at Washington on June 19, 1970, amended on September 28, 1979, and modified on February 3, 1984 (The States party to the Treaty constitute a Union for cooperation in the filing, searching, and examination, of applications for the protection of inventions, and for rendering special technical services. The Union shall be known as the International Patent Cooperation Union)

Directive 98/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council  of 6 July 1998 on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions

Draft Hague Convention on Jurisdiction and Foreign Judgments, (a defendant may be sued in the courts of the State where that defendant is habitually resident)

Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Article 27 (TRIPS)

European Patent Litigation Protocol Concerning  European Patents (EPLP), initiated June 1999

World Intellectual Property Organization Meeting on intellectual property and genetic resources, Geneva, April 17 and 18, 2000

World Intellectual Property Organization, Working group on biotechnology, Geneva, November 8 and 9, 1999, Issues for proposed WIPO Work Program on Biotechnology

Council of Europe Treaties on Bioethics

President Clinton's apology to the Participants in the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment

List of Available files to the U S President's Advisory Committee on Human RadiationExperiments        

Trilateral Project B33b Mutual Understanding in Search And Examination: Comparative Study on Biotechnology Patent Practices (JAPAN PATENT OFFICE)

Citizens' Rights and the New Technologies - A Europea Challenge

Group of Advisors to the European Commission on the Ethical Implications of Biotechnology (1997)

United Nation Convention On Biological Diversity. The Convention on Biological Diversity's objectives are "the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources." The Convention is thus the first global, comprehensive agreement to address all aspects of biological diversity: genetic resources, species, and ecosystems. It recognizes - for the first time - that the conservation of biological diversity is "a common concern of humankind" and an integral part of the development process. To achieve its objectives, the Convention - in accordance with the spirit of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development - promotes a renewed partnership among countries. Its provisions on scientific and technical cooperation, access to genetic resources, and the transfer of environmentally sound technologies form the foundations of this partnership.

The United States Senate Biotechnology Caucus' Hearing On The Positive Implications of Genome Research in Health Care          

S.2015 Stem Cell Research Act of 2000 (Introduced in the Senate) Part of the federal government's efforts to amend a 1995 congressional ban on embryo research, which specifies that federal taxpayer money cannot be spent on biomedical research involving embryos outside the womb. Last December, the National Institutes of Health issued preliminary guidelines that would allow government-funded researchers to use stem cells from already destroyed embryos. If passed, S 2015 would allow researchers to use and destroy embryos under specific circumstances.

Patent for the "Harvard Mouse", a genetically engineered mouse which is highly prone to breast cancer. U. S. Pat. No. 4,736,866 (Apr. 12, 1988) First animal patent in the United States.

Bloodsaw v. Lawrence Berkeley Labs, 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, Feb . 3, 1998 questions whether a clerical or administrative worker who undergoes a general employee health examination may, without his knowledge, be tested for highly private and sensitive medical and genetic information such as syphilis, sickle cell trait, and pregnancy.

Centers for Disease Control. What percentage of clinical pregnancies result in a live birth or multiple births?

NIH finalized its guidelines governing the disclosure of information pertaining to gene therapy trials that are supported by NIH funds or performed at institutions receiving NIH funds for gene therapy work. The topic was discussed in the first issue of Biotech Briefing.

FDA has a rulemaking pending on disclosure of information in "investigational new drug applications" pertaining to gene therapy and xenotransplantation. Industry argues the information is confidential and trade secret. The rulemaking has been pending for over a year.

The world's first cloned kitten, named "Cc"

Definitions for biotech terms.

Intellectual Property: Navigating Through Commercial Waters, version 1.1 (new and improved guide for solutions to negotiating intellectual property issues.)

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Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights

United States Patent and Trademark Office Final Computer-Related Patent Examination Guidelines

Final Guidelines for Determining Utility of Gene-Related Inventions

Copyrights and Patents of Indigenous Cultures' Artifacts and Native Knowledge

Copyright Office Website

The Code of Federal Regulations

Complete Listing of All Trademark Fees

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Biiological Agents and Disease Control

The Center for Disease Control has a section on infectious diseases with detailed information, including maps, images and fact sheets.

The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons offers more information on nerve agents.

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Selected Cancer Issues and Organizations

Judi Hirshfield-Bartek from the National Breast Cancer Coalition urged the caucus to implement privacy protections for those wishing to participate in clinical trials. She said that without this protection, many people, such as those at high risk for developing breast cancer, do not participate in medical trials or have genetic testing done because they fear disclosure of confidential results to employers and/or health insurers.

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